【survive的用法总结大全】“Survive” 是一个非常常见的英语动词，表示“幸存、存活、继续存在”等意思。它在日常交流和写作中使用频率很高，但其用法也较为多样。为了帮助大家更好地掌握这个单词，本文将从基本含义、常见搭配、固定短语、句型结构等方面进行详细总结，并以表格形式呈现，便于查阅和记忆。
一、基本含义
| 中文意思 | 英文解释 | 例句 |
| 幸存 | to live through a dangerous or difficult situation | He survived the car accident. |
| 存活 | to continue to live or exist | Many species of animals have survived for millions of years. |
| 继续存在 | to remain in existence despite challenges | The old tradition still survives today. |
二、常见用法与搭配
| 用法 | 说明 | 例句 |
| survive + 某人/某物 | 表示某人或某物没有死亡或消失 | She survived the earthquake with her family. |
| survive on | 靠……生存 | They had to survive on very little food. |
| survive from | 从……中幸存下来（多用于历史、文化等） | The ancient temple has survived from the Ming Dynasty. |
| survive by | 通过……方式生存 | He survives by selling newspapers. |
| survive without | 在没有……的情况下存活 | It’s hard to survive without water. |
三、固定短语与习惯表达
| 短语 | 含义 | 例句 |
| survive the test of time | 经得起时间考验 | This novel has survived the test of time. |
| survive the war / disaster | 在战争或灾难中幸存 | Many people survived the war and returned home. |
| survive as / in | 作为/在……中存活 | The culture has survived as a tradition. |
四、常见句型结构
| 句型 | 说明 | 例句 |
| 主语 + survive + 宾语 | 常用于描述某人或某物存活 | The child survived the fire. |
| It is hard to survive + 名词 | 表达“很难靠……生存” | It is hard to survive on a low income. |
| Survive + 动名词 | 表示“经受住……” | I can’t survive living in such a noisy place. |
五、不同词性变化
| 词形 | 词性 | 例句 |
| survive | 动词 | He survived the crash. |
| survivor | 名词 | The survivors were rescued quickly. |
| survival | 名词 | Survival is the main goal in the wilderness. |
六、常见错误与注意事项
1. 注意时态使用：
- “Survive”是规则动词，过去式为“survived”，过去分词也是“survived”。
- 例句：She survived the storm last year.
2. 避免混淆“survive”与“sustain”：
- “Survive”强调“存活”或“未被毁灭”，而“sustain”更侧重“维持”或“持续”。
- 例句对比：
- He survived the illness.（他挺过了疾病）
- The company sustained heavy losses.（公司遭受了重大损失）
3. 不要误用介词：
- “Survive on” 表示“靠……生活”，而不是“survive with”。
- 正确：They survived on a small salary.
- 错误：They survived with a small salary.
七、小结
“Survive”虽然看似简单，但在实际使用中需要注意搭配、时态和语境。掌握其多种用法和常见搭配，有助于提高英语表达的准确性和自然度。通过以上表格和说明，希望大家能对“survive”的用法有一个全面而清晰的认识。
如需进一步了解其他动词的用法，欢迎继续关注！
